Parental alienation, where a “child’s resistance/hostility towards one parent is not justified and is the result of psychological manipulation by the other parent” (CAFCASS definition), can cause utter devastation to a family. The consequence can be a complete breakdown in the child’s relationship with a parent, a rejection which they feel is justified, and ultimately, cessation of contact.
The Family court has found 3 elements to parental alienation:
1. The child is refusing, resisting, or reluctant to engage in a relationship with a parent or carer.
2. The refusal, resistance, or reluctance is not as a consequence of the actions of the non-resident parent.
3. The resident parent has engaged in behaviours that have directly or indirectly impacted on the child, leading to the child’s refusal, resistance, or reluctance to engage in a relationship with the other parent.
What is alienating behaviour?
- Repeatedly criticising or belittling the other
- Unjustifiably limiting or undermining contact
- Forbidding discussion about the other parent
- Creating a false impression that the other parent does not love the child or has harmed them
- Denying emotional responsiveness to the other parent
This list is not exhaustive but offers examples of how a child can be manipulated into turning against a parent. This is tantamount to emotional abuse.
Early Intervention is vital
Early intervention, in cases of parental alienation, is vital. An application for a child arrangement order, citing concern about alienation should be brought to the attention of the court so that it can consider how best to determine the truth of such allegation.
It is within the power of the Family court to order a fact-finding hearing, to determine the truth; and to appoint a Rule 16.4 guardian to provide the child with his/her own independent legal representation whose role is to offer balance to the court, which will assist the Judge in making a determination. The child’s solicitor will likely recommend a joint instruction of a child psychologist to undertake a detailed assessment of the child, in particular to consider whether the child has been alienated, and how best to overcome this emotional hurdle whilst seeking to preserve the child’s relationship with both parents.
The law assumes that it is in the best interests of a child to have a relationship with both parents. If one parent is taking steps, whether consciously or subconsciously, to undermine and damage the child’s relationship with the other parent, the court can ultimately make an order transferring residence from the alienator to the alienated, if it believes that to do so will result in the child enjoying the benefit of a relationship with both parents.
If you are concerned that your child may be suffering from parental alienation, you can secure confidential advice from one of the Family Team members at Bevirs Law. We have vast experience in managing such cases and will offer impartial, expert legal advice. Call us on 01793 532363 or email michelle.bowyer@bevirs-law.co.uk